Why is proper functioning of the catalytic converter crucial for vehicle emissions?

The proper functioning of the catalytic converter is crucial for vehicle emissions primarily because it reduces harmful emissions from the exhaust. The catalytic converter is a key component of a vehicle's exhaust system, designed to convert toxic pollutants produced during the combustion process into less harmful substances before they are released into the atmosphere.

This conversion process involves the chemical transformation of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides into more benign compounds like carbon dioxide and nitrogen. By doing so, the catalytic converter plays a vital role in meeting environmental regulations and improving air quality.

The other aspects mentioned, such as tire friction, the conversion of hydrocarbons into nitrogen, and enhancements to the fuel mixture, do not accurately represent the primary function of a catalytic converter in terms of emissions control. The focal point is its ability to minimize the release of pollutants, making option C the correct choice.